27 research outputs found

    Gestion autonomique de performance, d'énergie et de qualité de service. Application aux réseaux filaires, réseaux de capteurs et grilles de calcul

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    La motivation principale de cette thĂšse est de faire face Ă  l'accroissement de la complexitĂ© des systĂšmes informatiques, qui, dans un futur proche ( de l'ordre de quelques annĂ©es) risque fort d'ĂȘtre le principal frein Ă  leur Ă©volution et Ă  leur dĂ©veloppement. Aujourd'hui la tendance s'inverse et le coĂ»t de gestion humaine dĂ©passe le coĂ»t des infrastructures matĂ©rielles et logicielles. De plus, l'administration manuelle de grands systĂšmes (applications distribuĂ©es, rĂ©seaux de capteurs, Ă©quipements rĂ©seaux) est non seulement lente mais aussi sujette Ă  de nombreuses erreurs humaines. Un des domaines de recherche Ă©mergent est celui de l'informatique autonomique qui a pour but de rendre ces systĂšmes auto-gĂ©rĂ©s. Nous proposons une approche qui permet de dĂ©crire des politiques de gestion autonomiques de haut niveau. Ces politiques permettent au systĂšme d'assurer quatre propriĂ©tĂ©s fondamentales de l'auto-gestion: l'auto-guĂ©rison, l'auto-configuration, l'auto-protection et l'auto-optimisation. Nos contributions portent sur la spĂ©cification de diagrammes de description de politiques de gestion autonomiques appelĂ©s (S)PDD "(Sensor) Policy Description Diagrams". Ces diagrammes sont implĂ©mentĂ©s dans le gestionnaire autonomique TUNe et l'approche a Ă©tĂ© validĂ©e sur de nombreux systĂšmes: simulation Ă©lectromagnĂ©tique rĂ©partie sur grille de calcul, rĂ©seaux de capteurs SunSPOT, rĂ©partiteur de calcul DIET. Une deuxiĂšme partie prĂ©sente une modĂ©lisation mathĂ©matique de l’auto-optimisation pour un « datacenter ». Nous introduisons un problĂšme de minimisation d’un critĂšre intĂ©grant d’une part la consommation Ă©lectrique des Ă©quipements du rĂ©seau du « datacenter » et d’autre part la qualitĂ© de service des applications dĂ©ployĂ©es sur le « datacenter ». Une heuristique permet de prendre en compte les contraintes dues aux fonctions de routage utilisĂ©es. ABSTRACT : The main challenge of this thesis is to cope with the growing complexity of IT systems. In a near future (mainly the next few years) this complexity will prevent new developments and system evolutions. Today the trend is reversing and the managing costs are overtaking the hardware and software costs. Moreover, the manual administration of large systems (distributed applications, sensor networks, and network equipment) is not only slow but error-prone. An emerging research field called autonomic computing tries to bring up self-managed systems. We introduce an approach that enable the description of high level autonomic management policies. These policies allow the system to ensure four fundamental properties for self-management: self-healing, self-self-configuring, self-protecting and self-optimizing. We specify autonomic management Policy Description Diagrams (PDD) and implement them in Toulouse University Network (TUNe). We validated our approach on many systems: electromagnetic simulations distributed on computer grids (grid’5000), wireless sensor networks with SunSPOTs and the computing scheduler DIET. A second part of this thesis presents a mathematical modeling for self-optimizing datacenters. We introduce a minimization problem with a criterion integrating both the electrical consumption of the datacenter networking equipment and the quality of service of the deployed applications. A heuristic takes into account the routing functions used on the network

    Energy-QoS Tradeoffs in J2EE Hosting Centers

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    International audienceNowadays, hosting centres are widely used to host various kinds of applications e.g., web servers or scientific applications. Resource management is a major challenge for most organisations that run these infrastructures. Many studies show that clusters are not used at their full capacity which represents a significant source of waste. Autonomic management systems have been introduced in order to dynamically adapt software infrastructures according to runtime conditions. They provide support to deploy, configure, monitor, and repair applications in such environments. In this paper, we report our experiments in using an autonomic management system to provide resource aware management for a clustered application. We consider a standard replicated server infrastructure in which we dynamically adapt the degree of replication in order to ensure a given QoS while minimising energy consumption

    Unlocking plant resources to support food security and promote sustainable agriculture

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    As the world's population is increasing, humanity is facing both shortages (hunger) and excesses (obesity) of calorie and nutrient intakes. Biodiversity is fundamental to addressing this double challenge, which involves a far better understanding of the global state of food resources. Current estimates suggest that there are at least 7,039 edible plant species, in a broad taxonomic sense, which includes 7,014 vascular plants. This is in striking contrast to the small handful of food crops that provide the majority of humanity's calorie and nutrient intake. Most of these 7,039 edible species have additional uses, the most common being medicines (70%), materials (59%), and environmental uses (40%). Species of major food crops display centers of diversity, as previously proposed, while the rest of edible plants follow latitudinal distribution patterns similarly to the total plant diversity, with higher species richness at lower latitudes. The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List includes global conservation assessments for at least 30% of edible plants, with ca. 86% of them conserved ex situ. However, at least 11% of those species recorded are threatened. We highlight multipurpose NUS of plants from different regions of the world, which could be key for a more resilient, sustainable, biodiverse, and community participation-driven new “green revolution.” Furthermore, we explore how fungi could diversify and increase the nutritional value of our diets. NUS, along with the wealth of traditional knowledge about their uses and practices, offer a largely untapped resource to support food security and sustainable agriculture. However, for these natural resources to be unlocked, enhanced collaboration among stakeholders is vital

    Codecast: a step-by-step online execution tool to learn how to program in C

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    Three tools to learn C programming online

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    Three tools to learn C programming online

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    Autonomic management of performance, energy consumption and quality of service : Application to wired networks, sensors networks and grid computing facilities

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    La motivation principale de cette thĂšse est de faire face Ă  l'accroissement de la complexitĂ© des systĂšmes informatiques, qui, dans un futur proche ( de l'ordre de quelques annĂ©es) risque fort d'ĂȘtre le principal frein Ă  leur Ă©volution et Ă  leur dĂ©veloppement. Aujourd'hui la tendance s'inverse et le coĂ»t de gestion humaine dĂ©passe le coĂ»t des infrastructures matĂ©rielles et logicielles. De plus, l'administration manuelle de grands systĂšmes (applications distribuĂ©es, rĂ©seaux de capteurs, Ă©quipements rĂ©seaux) est non seulement lente mais aussi sujette Ă  de nombreuses erreurs humaines. Un des domaines de recherche Ă©mergent est celui de l'informatique autonomique qui a pour but de rendre ces systĂšmes auto-gĂ©rĂ©s. Nous proposons une approche qui permet de dĂ©crire des politiques de gestion autonomiques de haut niveau. Ces politiques permettent au systĂšme d'assurer quatre propriĂ©tĂ©s fondamentales de l'auto-gestion: l'auto-guĂ©rison, l'auto-configuration, l'auto-protection et l'auto-optimisation. Nos contributions portent sur la spĂ©cification de diagrammes de description de politiques de gestion autonomiques appelĂ©s (S)PDD "(Sensor) Policy Description Diagrams". Ces diagrammes sont implĂ©mentĂ©s dans le gestionnaire autonomique TUNe et l'approche a Ă©tĂ© validĂ©e sur de nombreux systĂšmes: simulation Ă©lectromagnĂ©tique rĂ©partie sur grille de calcul, rĂ©seaux de capteurs SunSPOT, rĂ©partiteur de calcul DIET. Une deuxiĂšme partie prĂ©sente une modĂ©lisation mathĂ©matique de l’auto-optimisation pour un « datacenter ». Nous introduisons un problĂšme de minimisation d’un critĂšre intĂ©grant d’une part la consommation Ă©lectrique des Ă©quipements du rĂ©seau du « datacenter » et d’autre part la qualitĂ© de service des applications dĂ©ployĂ©es sur le « datacenter ». Une heuristique permet de prendre en compte les contraintes dues aux fonctions de routage utilisĂ©es.The main challenge of this thesis is to cope with the growing complexity of IT systems. In a near future (mainly the next few years) this complexity will prevent new developments and system evolutions. Today the trend is reversing and the managing costs are overtaking the hardware and software costs. Moreover, the manual administration of large systems (distributed applications, sensor networks, and network equipment) is not only slow but error-prone. An emerging research field called autonomic computing tries to bring up self-managed systems. We introduce an approach that enable the description of high level autonomic management policies. These policies allow the system to ensure four fundamental properties for self-management: self-healing, self-self-configuring, self-protecting and self-optimizing. We specify autonomic management Policy Description Diagrams (PDD) and implement them in Toulouse University Network (TUNe). We validated our approach on many systems: electromagnetic simulations distributed on computer grids (grid’5000), wireless sensor networks with SunSPOTs and the computing scheduler DIET. A second part of this thesis presents a mathematical modeling for self-optimizing datacenters. We introduce a minimization problem with a criterion integrating both the electrical consumption of the datacenter networking equipment and the quality of service of the deployed applications. A heuristic takes into account the routing functions used on the network

    Weblinux: run linux 100% client-side in the browser

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    Large scale learning tools to teach C and Linux

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    How to build leverage, maintain and assess motivation in online learning environments

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